chapter 18

In the 1900's the US produced 35 percent of the world's manufactured goods.  The keys points are based on the rise of Industrial in America. New enterprises was increasing in this era. by the 1900'w enterprises both small and large supported by investment bankers and using a nationwide railroad system offered a vast variety of goods. Manufacturing processes transformed the nature work (farming), skilled labor, and created assembly-line routines. The coal deposit, technology, and the spread of the factory system gave rise to modern industrial America. Of course the railroad lines connected ever state Union and it opened up a new internal market. The railroad also brought a lot of baggage with it. For example putting the U.S. in debt of about 5.1 billion dollars.
Andrew Carnegie is an important name because learning lessons from the railroad lines. He opened his own steel mill and  discovered the benefits of vertical integration. It consisted of controlling aspects of manufacturing, from extracting raw materials to selling the finished product. Another important name is John D. Rockefeller he was the inventor of Standard Oil which was an organization of 40 companies that controlled the U.S. oil industry. Technology helped create new forms of manufacturing. The invention of telephone and electric light had a hugh impact on daily life. Advertising and marketing increased and when companies developed brand-name products advertisment took full affect.
The South entered the new industrialization late or slowly. Reasons for which the South blossomed late was because of the civil war. (the after effect). The physical devastation, lack of capital, illiteracy, and northern control of financial markets, and low rate of technological innovation were the reasons for the slow growth of industrialization in the south.
Lastly the harsh treatment of labors in factories dominated over the U.S. Factory work was no place for unskilled workers. (which majority were) Unskilled workers received low pay for long hours, unsafe work conditions, children looked in both factories and coal mines. For immigrants it was worse because they did most of the industrial labor force and barely got paid. Women also worked in factories instead of working a home ( being a house wife) and many after factory work entered into office jobs.
Very interesting in learning the development of technology, factories, and labor unions because we use all these developments in today's society!